Everything about English Monarchy totally explained
» See also: List of English consorts.
This is a list of the
monarchs of the Kingdom of England. The first ruler in
Britain to adopt the title
King of the English (
Rex Anglorum in Latin) was
Offa of Mercia in 774, though the continuous list of English monarchs traditionally begins with
Egbert of Wessex in 829. The English kingdom wasn't permanently unified until 927, under
Athelstan.
Wales was annexed in 1536, and England underwent union with
Scotland in 1707 to form the
Kingdom of Great Britain. Since that date the title
King or
Queen of England is incorrect, though has remained in wide usage to the present day.
English monarchs
House of Mercia
The first ruler to assume the title King of the English
is sometimes said to be Offa in 774, who had been King of Mercia since 757, but this claim is based on charters forged in the 10th century.
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Offa(
+OFFA•REX+)
774-796 || || son of Thingfrith ||
Cynethryth5 children || 26 or 29 July 796
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House of Wessex
The continuous list traditionally starts with Egbert, King of Wessex from 802, the first King of Wessex to have overlordship over much of England. He defeated the Mercians and became Bretwalda in 829. Permanent unity wasn't achieved until 927, under Athelstan.
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Egbert(
Ecgberht)
829-839 || || c.775
son of
Ealhmund of Kent
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Ethelbald(
Æþelbald)
856-860 ||
|| c.831
son of Ethelwulf and Osburga ||
Judith of Flandersno children ||
20 December 860aged about 29
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Ethelbert(
Æþelberht)
21 December860-865 || || c.835
son of Ethelwulf and Osburga || unknown
2 children || 865
aged about 30
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Ethelred(
Æþelræd)
865-871 || || c.837
son of Ethelwulf and Osburga ||
Wulfrida868
2 children ||
23 April 871aged about 34
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Alfred the Great(
Ælfræd)
24 April871–899 || || c.849
Wantageson of Ethelwulf and Osburga ||
EalhswithWinchester868
6 children ||
26 October 899aged about 50 || || c.871-877
son of Alfred the Great and Ealhswith || (1) Ecgwynn
893
3 children
(2) Aelffaed
c.902
10 children
(3)
Edgiva of Kent905
4 children ||
17 July 924Farndon, Cheshireaged about 50 || || 895
son of Edward the Elder and Ecgwynn || unmarried || || c.921
son of Edward the Elder and Edgiva of Kent ||
26 May 946Pucklechurchaged about 25 (murdered) || || c.923
son of Edward the Elder and Edgiva of Kent || unmarried
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Edwy the Fair(
Eadwig)
24 November955–959 || || c.940
son of Edmund the Magnificent and Elgiva ||
Elgiva || || c.943
Wessex
son of Edmund the Magnificent and Elgiva || (1) Ethelflaed
c.960
1 son
(2) Wulfthryh
1 daughter
(3)
Ælfthrythc.964
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Saint Edward the Martyr(
Eadweard)
9 July975–978 || || c.962
son of Edgar the Peaceable and Ethelflaed || unmarried ||
18 March 978Corfe Castleaged about 16 (assassinated) || || c.968
son of Edgar the Peaceable and Ælfthryth || (1) Ælflaed of Northumbria
4 children
(2) Aelgifu
991
6 children
(3)
Emma of Normandy1002
3 children ||
23 April 1016Londonaged about 48 || || c.993
son of Ethelred the Unready and Ælflaed of Northumbria ||
30 November 1016Glastonburyaged about 23
1013–1014 || || c.960
Denmarkson of
Harald Bluetooth and
Gyrid Olafsdotti || (1)
Gunhilda of Polandc.990
7 children
(2)
Sigrid the Haughtyc.1000
1 daughter || || c.995
son of Sweyn Forkbeard || || c.1016/7
son of Canute and Aelgifu of Northampton ||
17 March 1040Oxfordaged about 23 or 24 || || 1018
son of Canute and Emma of Normandy || || c.1005
Islip, Oxfordshireson of Ethelred the Unready and Emma of Normandy ||
(External Link
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Hungaryson of
Edward the Exile and Agatha || unmarried || || c.1027
Falaise Castleson of
Robert II, Duke of Normandy and
Herleva || || September 1068
Selbyson of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders || || c.1096
Bloisson of
Stephen, Count of Blois and
Adela of Normandy || ||
7 February 1102Sutton Courtenayonly legitimate daughter of
Henry I and
Edith of Scotland || (1)
Henry V, Holy Roman EmperorMainz6 January 1114no children
(2)
Geoffrey V, Count of AnjouLe Mans Cathedral22 May 11284 children || ||
5 March 1133Le Mansson of
Geoffrey of Anjou and
Matilda || ||
24 December 1167Beaumont Palace
son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine || ||
1 October 1207Winchester Castleson of John and Isabella of Angoulême || ||
17 June 1239Westminster Palace
son of Henry III and Eleanor of Provence || ||
25 April 1284Caernarfon Castleson of Edward I and Eleanor of Castile || ||
13 November 1312Windsor Castleson of Edward II and Isabella of France || ||
6 January 1367Bordeauxson of
Edward, the Black Prince and
Joan of Kent || ||
3 April 1366/7
Bolingbroke Castleson of
John of Gaunt and
Blanche of Lancaster
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Henry V20 March1413–1422
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6 December 1421Windsor Castleson of Henry V and Catherine of Valois
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28 April 1442Rouenson of
Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York and
Cecily Neville || ||
2 November 1470Westminsterson of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville
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Richard III26 June1483–1485 || ||
2 October 1452Fotheringhay Castleson of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York and Cecily Neville ||
Anne NevilleWestminster Abbey12 July 14721 son || ||
28 January 1457Pembroke Castleson of
Edmund Tudor and
Lady Margaret Beaufort || ||
28 June 1491Greenwich Palaceson of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York || ||
12 October 1537Hampton Court Palace
son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour || || October 1537
Bradgate Parkdaughter of
Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk and
Lady Frances Brandon ||
12 February 1554Tower of Londonaged 16 (beheaded) || ||
19 June 1566Edinburgh Castleson of
Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley and
Mary, Queen of Scots || ||
19 November 1600Dunfermline Palaceson of James I and Anne of Denmark || ||
25 April 1599Huntingdon || Elizabeth Bourchier
St Giles22 August 16209 children || ||
4 October 1626Huntingdonson of Oliver Cromwell and Elizabeth Bourchier
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House of Stuart (restored)
Although the monarchy was restored in 1660, no stable settlement proved possible until the Glorious Revolution of 1688, when parliament finally asserted the right to choose whomsoever it pleased as monarch.
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Charles II8 May1660–1685 || ||
29 May 1630St. James's Palaceson of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France || ||
14 October 1633St. James's Palace
son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France || ||
4 November 1650The Hagueson of
William II, Prince of Orange and
Mary Stuart || rowspan=2 | St James's Palace
4 November 16773 children (none survived infancy)
Great Britain
1 May 1707-1714 || ||
6 February 1665St James's Palace
daughter of James II and Anne Hyde ||
George of DenmarkSt James's Palace
28 July 168317 children
Further Information
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